إختبار الجهاز العصبي

In what way does motor development tend to occur?

A patient with multiple sclerosis is receiving physical therapy for strengthening and symptom
management. The patient is seen in the outpatient clinic by a physi-cal therapist. The patient performs all of
the therapeu-tic exercise the physical therapist asks her to do and does not complain about pain or fatigue
during the treatment session. However, when the patient returns to the clinic two days later, she tells the
physical thera-pist that she was unable to get out of bed the day after the exercise due to extreme fatigue,
and that she took increased amounts of pain pills due to the increased pain and needed her husband's help
with tasks with which she is ordinarily independent. Today she feels back to normal. What should the
therapist do?

Following a traumatic spinal cord injury, a patient receives physical therapy at an inpatient rehab unit.
The physical therapist examines the patient and deter-mines that his C7 level is the most caudal level that is
intact. What key muscle group is maintained in a C7 spinal cord injury?

A patient with a vertebrobasilar artery infarct is alert and oriented but is unable to move or speak. He is
only able to move his eyes. What syndrome is this patient demonstrating?

An 80-year-old patient sustains a L2 compression frac-ture. The patient begins to complain of poor sensation of the lower extremities, and her lower-extremity strength begins to deteriorate. What intervention by
the physician is MOST likely?

Following a crushing injury to his hand, a patient complains of pain that is more severe than expected.
The pain is described as burning and fluctuating. The hand is discolored and inflamed, and the knuckles are
stiff. The patient complains that the pain gets worse at night. The patient is demonstrating signs and symptoms of what pathology?

A five-year-old child with cerebral palsy receives physi-cal therapy. The physical therapist uses multiple
treat-ment interventions for this child. In one treatmentsession, the therapist has the child sit on a stability
ball, weight-shift in multiple directions with unsup-ported sitting, and play catch while sitting on the floor.
What treatment goal is the therapist MOST likely addressing with these treatment interventions?

A newborn infant demonstrates physiological flexion. What is the next normal kinesiological movement
that a physical therapist should expect the infant to develop?

Following a traumatic brain injury, a patient is in a coma. A physical therapy referral is made to increase
the patient's level of arousal. What treatment tech-nique could the therapist use to increase the patient's level
of arousal?

A physical therapist asks a patient to actively flex her upper extremity to full end range of motion. Upon
moving the upper extremity into this position, facilita-tion of the finger extensors and abductors is noted.
The physical therapist recognizes this as Souques' phenom-enon. What type of sign is Souques'
phenomenon?

Following a cerebrovascular accident, a patient receives physical therapy at a skilled nursing facility.
The patient demonstrates pusher syndrome. The patient has weakness, impaired sensation, and neglect all on
the left side of her body. She is able to ambulate with a wheeled walker with moderate assistance and verbal
cues. The physical therapist gives the patient a visual target to place the left foot near the front left wheel of
the walker. This treatment intervention is focused on what problem?

A physical therapist evaluates a three-month-old infant. The therapist elicits the symmetrical tonic neck
reflex. When the head is flexed, what does the therapist expect to see?

Following a cerebrovascular accident, a patient ambu-lates with an equinus gait pattern. What is most
likely NOT the cause of this gait deviation?

An infant is receiving physical therapy. The physi-cal therapist notices that the infant tends to put her
extremities out to try to maintain her balance after a challenge in her balance. What level of postural control is this infant demonstrating?

A physical therapist is testing a patient's postural con-trol. The patient stands, and the physical therapist
pro-vides challenges to the patient's balance. With the first challenge to balance, the patient leans posterior
and then moves her right foot to maintain balance. From Nashner's Model of Postural Control, what strategy
did the patient use?